Abe to announce Monday that the govt. will officially start preparing to declare a state of emergency: NTV https://www.news24.jp/articles/2020/04/05/04620761.html">https://www.news24.jp/articles/...

And the article states, even if the state of emergency is declared, Japan lacks the legal authority to enforce a Western-style lockdown. Governors can request or order that residents stay indoors, but failures to comply entail no penalty